关系代词,就是那些在定语从句中起连接作用,同时又充当句子成分的词。主要有以下几种:
1. who/whom:用于指代人。 - 用法:指代主语时用who,指代宾语时用whom。 - 例句:This is the man who/whom I met yesterday.
2. which:用于指代物。 - 用法:在非正式语境中,可以用which代替that。 - 例句:The book which/that you gave me is very interesting.
3. that:指代人或物。 - 用法:在定语从句中,that可以用作主语、宾语或表语。 - 例句:That is the girl that/who I saw at the party.
4. whose:用于指代某人的所有物。 - 用法:相当于"of whom/which"。 - 例句:This is the house whose/that window is broken.
5. where:指代地点。 - 用法:相当于"at/in which"。 - 例句:This is the place where I was born.
6. when:指代时间。 - 用法:相当于"at/in which"。 - 例句:This is the time when we met.
7. why:指代原因。 - 用法:相当于"for which"。 - 例句:This is the reason why I am late.
记住,关系代词在从句中通常充当主语、宾语或表语,而且要根据它们在从句中的角色来选择正确的关系代词。
1. who/whom:用于指代人。 - 用法:指代主语时用who,指代宾语时用whom。 - 例句:This is the man who/whom I met yesterday.
2. which:用于指代物。 - 用法:在非正式语境中,可以用which代替that。 - 例句:The book which/that you gave me is very interesting.
3. that:指代人或物。 - 用法:在定语从句中,that可以用作主语、宾语或表语。 - 例句:That is the girl that/who I saw at the party.
4. whose:用于指代某人的所有物。 - 用法:相当于"of whom/which"。 - 例句:This is the house whose/that window is broken.
5. where:指代地点。 - 用法:相当于"at/in which"。 - 例句:This is the place where I was born.
6. when:指代时间。 - 用法:相当于"at/in which"。 - 例句:This is the time when we met.
7. why:指代原因。 - 用法:相当于"for which"。 - 例句:This is the reason why I am late.
记住,关系代词在从句中通常充当主语、宾语或表语,而且要根据它们在从句中的角色来选择正确的关系代词。
关系代词分三类: 1. 主语关系代词:who, whom, whose - who:指人,作主语,如:The man who told me that is my teacher.(告诉我那件事的人是我的老师。) - whom:指人,作宾语,如:The man to whom I gave the book is my brother.(我把书给的那个人是我的兄弟。) - whose:指人,作定语,如:The man whose book I borrowed is my friend.(我借书的那个人是我的朋友。)
2. 宾语关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose - that:指人或物,作宾语,如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。) - which:指物,作定语或宾语,如:The book which you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。) - who:指人,作宾语,如:The man who you met yesterday is my friend.(你昨天遇见的那个人是我的朋友。) - whom:指人,作宾语,如:The man to whom you gave the book is my brother.(你把书给的那个人是我的兄弟。) - whose:指人,作定语,如:The man whose book I borrowed is my friend.(我借书的那个人是我的朋友。)
3. 疑问关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, what - who, whom, whose:用法同主语关系代词和宾语关系代词。 - which:指物,作定语或宾语,如:Which book did you buy?(你买了哪本书?) - what:指人或物,作主语、宾语或表语,如:What I want to say is that I love you.(我想说的是我爱你。)
2. 宾语关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose - that:指人或物,作宾语,如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。) - which:指物,作定语或宾语,如:The book which you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。) - who:指人,作宾语,如:The man who you met yesterday is my friend.(你昨天遇见的那个人是我的朋友。) - whom:指人,作宾语,如:The man to whom you gave the book is my brother.(你把书给的那个人是我的兄弟。) - whose:指人,作定语,如:The man whose book I borrowed is my friend.(我借书的那个人是我的朋友。)
3. 疑问关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, what - who, whom, whose:用法同主语关系代词和宾语关系代词。 - which:指物,作定语或宾语,如:Which book did you buy?(你买了哪本书?) - what:指人或物,作主语、宾语或表语,如:What I want to say is that I love you.(我想说的是我爱你。)